AIRE: express guide for Italians living abroad and 2026 updates

Information updated as of 2026 

From 2026, AIRE enters a more modern and structured phase. While it remains based on Law No. 470/1988, the recent Law No. 11/2026 has simplified procedures, clarified obligations, and strengthened coordination between municipalities, consulates, and the central administration.

A more digital and centralized system

The main innovation is the full integration of AIRE into the National Register of the Resident Population (ANPR). Data is now managed in a single archive, allowing faster exchanges between consulates and municipalities. At the same time, some procedures—such as citizenship applications for adults residing abroad—are centralized at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, easing the workload of consulates.

Why registration is essential

Registration with AIRE is essential to access services: voting abroad, issuance of documents, consular certifications, and in some cases procedures such as renewing a driver’s license outside the EU. Without registration, these rights may be limited or more difficult to exercise.

Who must register

The obligation applies to those who transfer their habitual residence abroad for a period longer than 12 months. Temporary stays do not count—what matters is the stability of the residence.

When registration is optional

In some cases, registration is not mandatory but possible: for example, for those who maintain their tax domicile in Italy or work abroad for European institutions or international organizations.

Who is excluded

The following are not required to register:

• those staying abroad for less than one year

• seasonal workers

• school or public personnel posted abroad (with their families)

• military and civilian personnel serving at NATO or similar facilities

• students temporarily abroad

In these cases, however, notification to the consulate is still required.

How to apply

Applications are submitted online via the Fast-It portal, also for the entire household. Complete data and correct documentation must be provided. The consulate verifies the application and forwards it to the relevant Italian municipality within 180 days. Registration is finalized only after official recording, which is also notified by email.

Timelines and update obligations

Once registered, it is essential to keep your data up to date (address, marital status, family composition). Changes must be communicated promptly through the consulate or the portal, as outdated information may cause delays in services or administrative issues.

Removal from AIRE

Removal is decided by the municipality in specific cases: return to Italy, death, unavailability (inability to locate the person), or loss of citizenship.

In summary, the AIRE system in 2026 is faster, more digital, and better coordinated. However, the fundamental principle remains unchanged: those who live permanently abroad must register in order to maintain full rights and a proper relationship with the Italian administration.

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The content of this article is intended to provide general information on the topic. For doubts or specific cases, it is advisable to seek specialized legal advice tailored to your particular situation.

Article written by Alessia Ajelli, Managing Associate of LCA Studio Legale, Italian lawyer specialized on Italian immigration and citizenship law.