The SPID in Italy: a key tool for applications for Italian citizenship by residence or marriage

The Public Digital Identity System (SPID) is a key innovation in the digitalization of public services in Italy. Implemented to facilitate access to multiple government services, the SPID has become an indispensable tool for Italian citizens and foreign residents. This system also plays a fundamental role in submitting applications for Italian citizenship, whether by residence or marriage. In this article, we will explore what the SPID is, how it works, and why it is essential for these procedures.

What is SPID?

The SPID is a digital identity credential that allows users to securely and easily access the online services of the Italian Public Administration. This tool ensures user authentication through three levels of security, which are tailored to different types of services and needs.

• Level 1: Access with username and password.

• Level 2: Reinforced authentication through a security code (OTP) sent to the mobile phone.

• Level 3: Used for services that require the highest level of security, such as a specific authentication device.

Citizens can obtain the SPID through various accredited providers (such as Poste Italiane, Aruba, or TIM), which offer free or paid options depending on the level of service required.

Relevance of SPID for Italian citizenship

In recent years, the use of SPID has become mandatory for certain administrative procedures in Italy, including applications for Italian citizenship. This is due to the need to ensure a secure and efficient system for managing applications.

Citizenship by residence

Italian citizenship by residence is available to foreigners who have legally resided in Italy for a certain period, which varies according to the case:

• 10 years for non-EU citizens.

• 4 years for citizens of the European Union.

• 5 years for stateless persons or recognised refugees.

The process involves submitting an application through the Ministry of the Interior portal, for which the SPID is indispensable. This system allows the identity of the applicant to be authenticated and the required documentation to be sent, such as certificates of residence, income and criminal record.

Citizenship by marriage

Italian citizenship can also be obtained by marriage to an Italian citizen, provided that certain requirements are met:

• At least 2 years of marriage if the couple resides in Italy.

• 3 years if residing abroad (these periods are halved if the couple has children in common).

The SPID is also essential in this procedure if the applicant resides in Italy, since applications are submitted exclusively online. In addition, it allows the applicant to follow the status of the application and receive official notifications.

How to obtain the SPID?

The process to obtain the SPID is simple and consists of the following steps:

1. Choose an accredited digital identity provider.

2. Register on the provider's portal by providing personal information (name, date of birth, ID, and tax code).

3. Verify the identity using a chosen method (video call, physical presence in an office or use of a digital signature).

4. Activate the SPID and select the required security level.

Conclusion

The SPID not only simplifies interaction with public services in Italy, but is also an essential requirement for those seeking to acquire Italian citizenship by residence or marriage, as would be the case for a citizen of Argentina, Brazil or Chile who needs to apply for Italian citizenship in order to obtain an Italian passport. Thanks to this system, the processes have become more accessible, secure and efficient, benefiting both applicants and government institutions. Obtaining and using the SPID is an essential step for those who wish to formalize their connection with Italy and become part of its national community.

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The content of this article is intended to provide general guidance on the subject matter. It is necessary to seek specialist advice in relation to your specific situation.