B1 Italian language certificate: a key requirement for citizenship by marriage and residence

Since 2018, proficiency in the Italian language has become an essential requirement for those seeking to acquire Italian citizenship by marriage or residence. This measure, introduced as part of the Security and Immigration Decree, highlights the importance of cultural and linguistic integration for new citizens in Italy. Below, we explore what this requirement entails, how to obtain the B1 certificate, and the associated benefits.

What is the B1 level, and why is it important?

The B1 level of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) corresponds to an intermediate level of language proficiency. Those who achieve this level are capable of:

• understanding the main points of clear, standard texts on familiar topics
• managing everyday situations independently
• producing simple and coherent texts on topics they know or find interesting
• describing experiences, events, plans, and opinions

This requirement ensures that applicants can effectively interact in daily life and actively participate in Italian society.

Who needs the B1 certificate?

The B1-level certification is mandatory for:

1. Citizenship by marriage or civil union: those married or in a civil union to an Italian citizen who meet the requirements for marriage duration and residency
2. Citizenship by residence: applicants seeking citizenship after an extended period of legal residence in Italy

Exceptions: the following individuals are not required to present this certification:

• holders of an EU long-term residence permit
• those who have completed secondary or university education in Italy
• foreigners who have signed the integration agreement per Article 4-bis of Legislative Decree 286/1998

How to obtain the B1 certificate?

The certificate must be issued by one of the institutions recognized by the Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation. These include:

• University for Foreigners of Perugia (CELI)
• University for Foreigners of Siena (CILS)
• Dante Alighieri Society (PLIDA)
• University of Roma Tre (CERT.IT)

The exams assess the four main language skills: listening comprehension, reading comprehension, oral expression, and written expression. Applicants must register for the exams in advance and can prepare through courses offered by academies and online platforms.

Conclusion

The requirement of the B1 Italian language certificate reflects Italy’s commitment to citizenship based on effective integration and mutual respect. For applicants, it represents an opportunity for personal and professional growth while becoming full members of Italian society. Preparing for and obtaining this certificate is not only a necessary step but also a valuable investment in the future: non-EU citizens such as nationals of United States, Canada, Australia or elsewhere in the world who want to apply for Italian citizenship by marriage/civil union or residence, must comply with this requirement.

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The content of this article is intended to provide general guidance on the subject matter. It is necessary to seek specialist advice in relation to your specific situation.